11. Yibuphi ubuchwepheshe bokugqoka okunembayo kwesondo lokugaya ekugayeni ngesivinini esikhulu?
Impendulo: Okwamanje, ubuchwepheshe bokugqoka amasondo okugaya asebekhulile yibo:
(1) ubuchwepheshe bokugqoka i-electrolytic online be-ELID;
(2) Ubuchwepheshe bokugqoka isondo le-EDM lokugaya;
(3) Ubuchwepheshe bokugqoka isondo lokugaya indebe;
(4) Ubuchwepheshe bokubumba obuhlanganisiwe be-Electrolysis-mechanical
12. Kuyini ukugaya okunembayo?Zama ukuchaza kafushane isimiso sokukhetha sokugaya isondo ngokunemba kokugaya kwesondo elivamile lokugaya.
Impendulo: Ukugaya okunembayo kubhekisela ekukhetheni isondo lokugaya elicolisekile emshinini wokugaya onembayo, futhi ngokugqokisa kahle isondo lokugaya, izinhlamvu ezihlabayo zinezakhiwo ezincane zomphetho kanye nekhonta.Amamaki okugaya mahle ngokwedlulele, ukuphakama okuyinsalela kuncane kakhulu, futhi umphumela wesiteji sokugaya okungeyona inhlansi uyengezwa, kanye nendlela yokugaya engaphezulu ngokunemba komshini ka-1 kuya ku-0.1 mm kanye nobulukhuni obuphezulu buka-Ra obungu-0.2 kuya ku-0.025 mm itholakele.
Umgomo wokukhetha wesondo lokugaya ngokunemba kokugaya kwesondo elijwayelekile lokugaya:
(1) I-abrasive yesondo lokugaya elisetshenziswa ekugayeni okunembayo kusekelwe kumgomo wokuba lula ukukhiqiza nokugcina i-micro-edge kanye nekhontoyumu yayo.
(2) Usayizi wezinhlayiyana zesondo lokugaya?Uma kucatshangelwa izici zejiyomethri zodwa, usayizi wezinhlayiyana zesondo lokugaya ucoleka kakhulu, liba lincane inani elingaphezulu lokumahhadla lokugaya.Kodwa-ke, lapho izinhlayiya ze-abrasive zilungile kakhulu, ngeke nje kuphela isondo lokugaya livinjwe kalula yimfucumfucu yokugaya, kodwa uma ukuqhutshwa kwe-thermal kungalungile, kuzodala ukusha nezinye izinto endaweni emshinini, okuzokwandisa ukuhwaqeka kwendawo. inani..
(3) Isibophezelo samasondo okugaya?Izibophezelo zamasondo okugaya zihlanganisa ama-resin, izinsimbi, izitsha zobumba, njll., nama-resin asetshenziswa kakhulu.Kumasondo okugaya ama-coarse-grained, i-vitrified bond ingasetshenziswa.Izibophezelo zensimbi neze-ceramic ziyisici esibalulekile socwaningo emkhakheni wokugaya ngokunemba.
13. Yiziphi izici zokugaya ngokunemba ngamasondo okugaya anamandla amakhulu?Indlela yokukhetha inani lokugaya?
Impendulo: Izici eziyinhloko zokugaya isondo lokugaya i-superabrasive yilezi:
(1) Ingasetshenziselwa ukucubungula ubulukhuni obuphezulu obuhlukahlukene kanye nensimbi ephezulu ye-brittleness kanye nezinto ezingezona ezensimbi.
(2) Ikhono eliqinile lokugaya, ukumelana nokugqoka okuhle, ukuqina okuphezulu, kungagcina ukusebenza kokugaya isikhathi eside, izikhathi zokugqoka ezincane, kulula ukugcina usayizi wezinhlayiyana;kulula ukulawula usayizi wokucubungula futhi uqaphele ukucubungula okuzenzakalelayo.
(3) Amandla okugaya mancane futhi izinga lokushisa lokugaya liphansi, ukuze kuncishiswe ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi, azikho iziphambeko ezinjengokushisa nokuqhekeka, kanye nekhwalithi yomshini owenziwe ngomshini yinhle.Lapho isondo lokugaya idayimane ligaya i-carbide enosimende, amandla ayo okugaya ayi-1/4 kuya ku-1/5 kuphela ye-silicon carbide eluhlaza.
(4) Ukusebenza kahle kokugaya okuphezulu.Lapho kwenziwa ama-alloys aqinile nezinto ezingezona ezensimbi eziqinile neziphukayo, izinga lokususwa kwensimbi lamasondo okugaya idayimane lingcono kunalelo lamasondo okugaya i-cubic boron nitride;kodwa uma kwenziwa insimbi engangeni ekushiseni, ingxubevange ye-titanium, insimbi yokufa nezinye izinto, amasondo okugaya i-cubic boron nitride aphakeme kakhulu esondweni lokugaya idayimane.
(5) Izindleko zokucubungula ziphansi.Isondo lokugaya idayimane kanye nesondo le-cubic boron nitride lokugaya kubiza kakhulu, kodwa anempilo ende yesevisi kanye nokusebenza kahle kokucubungula okuphezulu, ngakho-ke izindleko zizonke ziphansi.
Ukukhethwa komthamo wokugaya isondo lokugaya i-Superabrasive:
(1) Isivinini sokugaya Isivinini sokugaya isondo lokugaya idayimane elingeyona insimbi ngokuvamile liyi-12 ~ 30m/s.Ijubane lokugaya lesondo lokugaya i-boron nitride eliyi-cubic lingaba phezulu kakhulu kunesondo lokugaya idayimane, futhi ukuzikhethela okungu-45-60m/s kubangelwa ikakhulukazi ukuzinza okushisayo kwe-cubic boron nitride abrasive.
(2) Ukujula kokugaya ngokuvamile kungu-0.001 kuya ku-0.01 mm, okungakhethwa ngokuvumelana nendlela yokugaya, usayizi wezinhlayiya ezihubhukayo, ibhinder nezimo zokupholisa.
(3) Ijubane le-workpiece ngokuvamile liyi-10-20m/min.
(4) Isivinini sokuphakela kwe-longitudinal?Ngokujwayelekile 0.45 ~ 1.5m/min.
14. Kuyini ukugaya okunembe kakhulu?Zama ukuchaza kafushane indlela yayo, izici kanye nokusetshenziswa kwayo.
Impendulo: Ukugaya okunembe kakhulu kubhekisela endleleni yokugaya isondo enokunemba komshini okungaphansi kuka-0.1mm kanye nobukhulu obungaphezulu obungaphansi kuka-Ra0.025mm., Izinto zensimbi, izitsha zobumba, ingilazi nezinye izinto eziqinile neziphukayo.
Indlela yokugaya enembe kakhulu:
(1) Izinhlayiya eziqhumayo zingabhekwa njengomzimba onwebekayo onokusekela okunwebeka kanye nonqenqema olusikiwe lweraki olunegethivu.Ukusekela okunwebekayo kuyi-ejenti ebophayo.Nakuba izinhlayiya eziqhumayo zinobulukhuni obukhulu futhi ukuguqulwa kwazo kuncane kakhulu, empeleni kusengama-elastomer.
(2) Ukujula kokusika konqenqema lokusika okusanhlamvu okulimazayo kukhuphuka kancane kancane ukusuka kuziro, bese kuncipha kancane kancane kube uziro ngemva kokufinyelela inani eliphezulu.
(3) Yonke inqubo yokuxhumana phakathi kwezinhlamvu ezilumayo kanye nendawo yokusebenza ilandelwa indawo yokunwebeka, indawo yepulasitiki, indawo yokusika, indawo yepulasitiki kanye nendawo yokunwebeka.
(4) Ekugayeni okunembe kakhulu, isenzo sokusika okuncane, ukugeleza kwepulasitiki, isenzo sokubhubhisa okunwebekayo kanye nesenzo sokuslayida kubonakala ngokulandelana ngokuya ngokushintsha kwezimo zokusika.Uma i-blade ibukhali futhi inokujula okuthile kokugaya, umphumela we-micro-cutting unamandla;uma i-blade ingabukhali ngokwanele, noma ukujula kokugaya kungashoni kakhulu, ukugeleza kwepulasitiki, ukulimala okunwebekayo kanye nokushelela kuzokwenzeka.
Izici ze-Ultra Precision Grinding:
(1) Ukugaya okunembe kakhulu kuyiphrojekthi ehlelekile.
(2) Isondo lokugaya i-Superabrasive iyithuluzi eliyinhloko lokugaya okunembe kakhulu.
(3) Ukugaya okunembe kakhulu kuwuhlobo lwenqubo yokusika eyi-ultra-micro.
Izicelo zokugaya okunembe kakhulu:
(1) Ukugaya izinto zensimbi njengensimbi nama-alloys ayo, ikakhulukazi insimbi eqinile eye yaphathwa ngokucinywa.
(2) Izinto eziqinile neziphukayo ezingase zisetshenziselwe ukugaya okungezona izinsimbi?Isibonelo, i-ceramics, ingilazi, i-quartz, izinto ze-semiconductor, izinto zamatshe, njll.
(3) Njengamanje, kukhona ikakhulukazi ama-cylindrical grinders, ama-surface grinders, ama-grinders angaphakathi, ama-coordinate grinders nezinye izigayi ze-ultra-precision, ezisetshenziselwa ukugaya i-ultra-precision yemibuthano yangaphandle, izindiza, izimbobo nezinhlelo zemigodi.
(4) Ukugaya okunembe kakhulu nokucubungula kwamahhala kwe-abrasive kuyahambisana.
15. Chaza kafushane isimiso nezici zokugaya isibuko se-ELID.
Impendulo: Umgomo wokugaya isibuko se-ELID: Phakathi nenqubo yokugaya, uketshezi lokugaya lwe-electrolytic luthelwa phakathi kwesondo lokugaya kanye ne-electrode yethuluzi kanye ne-DC pulse current isetshenziswa, ukuze isibopho sensimbi sesondo lokugaya njengoba i-anode ine-anode. ukuhlakazeka futhi isuswa kancane kancane, ukuze Izinhlamvu ezilumayo ezingathinteki yi-electrolysis ziphume ebusweni besondo lokugaya.Ngokuqhubeka kwenqubo ye-electrolysis, ungqimba lwefilimu ye-oxide enezakhiwo zokuvikela kwakheka kancane kancane ebusweni besondo lokugaya, ukuvimbela ukuqhubeka kwenqubo ye-electrolysis.Lapho izinhlamvu eziqhumayo zesondo lokugaya sezigugile, ifilimu engenzi lutho Ngemva kokusulwa ucezu lokusebenza, inqubo yokugaya i-electrolysis iyaqhubeka, futhi umjikelezo uqala futhi, futhi isondo lokugaya ligqokiswa ngokuqhubekayo isenzo se-on-line electrolysis ukuze kutholwe. ukuphakama okuqhubekayo okuphumayo kwezinhlamvu ezihlabayo.
Izici ze-ELID Grinding:
(1) Inqubo yokugaya inokusimama okuhle;
(2) Le ndlela yokugqoka ivimbela isondo lokugaya idayimane ekubeni liguge ngokushesha futhi ithuthukisa izinga lokusebenzisa izinsimbi eziyigugu;
(3) Indlela yokugqoka ye-ELID yenza inqubo yokugaya ibe nokulawulwa okuhle;
(4) Ukusebenzisa indlela ye-ELID yokugaya, kulula ukufeza ukugaya kwesibuko, futhi kunganciphisa kakhulu imifantu esele yezinto eziqinile kakhulu ukuze kube izingxenye zomhlabathi.
16. Kuyini ukugaya ukudla kwe-creep feed?Zama ithiyori yokudlulisa ukushisa okubilayo ukuze uchaze lo mkhuba wokuthi izinga lokushisa elivamile lokugaya liphansi kakhulu kodwa kulula ukulishisa ngokuzumayo.
Impendulo: I-Creep Feed Grinding inamagama amaningi e-China esikhathini esidlule, njengokugaya okuqinile, ukugaya umthwalo osindayo, ukugaya i-creep, ukugaya, njll. Igama eliqondile lamanje kufanele kube i-Creep Feed Deep Cutting Ukugaya Ukugaya, okuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi ukugaya kancane.Isici esihlukile sale nqubo isilinganiso esiphansi sokudla, esingaba izikhathi ezingu-10-3 kuya kwezingu-10-2 zokugaya okuvamile.Isibonelo, ijubane le-workpiece lingaba eliphansi njenge-0.2mm / s ngesikhathi sokugaya phezulu, ngakho-ke kubizwa ngokuthi ukugaya "okuhamba kancane".Kodwa ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukujula okuyinhloko kokusika kukhulu, izikhathi ezingaba ngu-100 kuya kweziyi-1000 zokugaya okuvamile.Isibonelo, ukujula komkhawulo wokusika ekugayeni okuyisicaba kungafinyelela ku-20 kuya ku-30 mm.
Ngokusho kwenkolelo-mbono yokudlulisa ukushisa okushisa emkhakheni wobunjiniyela be-thermal, kuyincazelo yesayensi yezinga lokushisa elivamile lokugaya eliphansi liphansi kakhulu kodwa livame ukuthambekela ekushiseni kungazelelwe.Ngesikhathi sokugaya kancane, izimo zokushisa ezingaphezulu kwendawo yokusebenza endaweni ye-arc kanye nangaphezulu kwentambo ye-nickel eshisiwe ecwiliswe echibini ziyafana, futhi uketshezi lokugaya endaweni ye-arc nakho kunokushisa okubalulekile kwe-qlim lokho kungabangela ukubilisa kwefilimu.Ukugaya kubhekise ekushiseni kokugaya q <> 120~130℃.
Okusho ukuthi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kungakanani ukujula kokusika ngesikhathi sokugaya kancane, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi 1mm, 10mm, 20mm noma 30mm, inqobo nje uma izimo ezivamile zokugaya zifinyelelwa, izinga lokushisa elingaphezulu le-workpiece endaweni ye-arc lizokwenza. ungadluli ku-120 ~ 130 ℃, okuyisizathu futhi ukuthi inqubo yokugaya kancane ihlukile.Izinzuzo phezu kokugaya okuvamile.Kodwa-ke, le nzuzo evelele yobuchwepheshe yokugaya kancane ilahleka kalula ngenxa yobuningi bokushisa okubalekayo.Ubuningi bokugeleza kokushisa kokugaya q abuhlobene kuphela nezinto eziningi ezifana nezakhiwo ezibonakalayo kanye nenani lokusika, kodwa futhi kuncike ebukhali bendawo yesondo lokugaya.Uma nje isimo q ≥ qlim sifinyelelwa, ingaphezulu le-workpiece endaweni ye-arc izoshiswa ngokuzumayo ngenxa yoketshezi lokugaya olungena esimweni sokubilisa sokwenza ifilimu..
17. Indlela yokufeza ukugqoka okuqhubekayo ekugayweni kwe-creep feed?Yiziphi izinzuzo zokugqoka okuqhubekayo?
Impendulo: Lokhu okubizwa ngokuthi i-continuous dressing kubhekisela endleleni yokulungisa kabusha nokulola isondo lokugaya ngenkathi ugaya.Ngendlela yokugqoka eqhubekayo, ama-roller okugqoka amadayimane ahlala ehlangene nesondo lokugaya.Ukuze uqaphele inqubo eguquguqukayo yokugqoka okuqhubekayo kwesondo lokugaya kanye nesinxephezelo esiqhubekayo kwinqubo yokugaya, umshini wokugaya okhethekile oqhubekayo kufanele usetshenziswe.Inqubo eguquguqukayo yokugqoka eqhubekayo iboniswa kuMfanekiso 2. Ububanzi bokuqala besondo lokugaya ngu-ds1, ububanzi bepiece workpiece ngu-dw1, futhi ububanzi berola yedayimane ngu-dr.Ngesikhathi sokugaya, uma i-radius ye-workpiece iyancipha ngesivinini se-vfr, ngenxa yokugqoka okuqhubekayo, Isondo lokugaya kufanele lisike ku-workpiece yokugaya ngesivinini se-v2 = vfr + vfrd, futhi i-roller yokugqoka kufanele isike isondo lokugaya isivinini se-v1 = 2vfrd + vfr, ukuze isikhundla se-roller yokugqoka kanye nesondo lokugaya sishintshile.Ngakho-ke, imishini yokugaya yokugqoka okuqhubekayo kwamasondo okugaya kufanele ikwazi ukwenza izinguquko ezifanele kule mingcele yejometri.
Izinzuzo zokusikwa okuqhubekayo ziningi, njenge:
I-1) Isikhathi sokugaya, esilingana nje nesikhathi sokugqoka, siyasuswa, okuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokugaya;
I-2) Ubude obude bokugaya akusaxhomeki ekugqokeni kwesondo lokugaya, kodwa kubude obutholakalayo bokugaya umshini wokugaya;
I-3) Amandla athile okugaya ayancishiswa, amandla okugaya nokushisa kuyancishiswa, futhi inqubo yokugaya izinzile.
18. Kuyini ukugaya ibhande?Chaza kafushane ukwakheka nezici zebhande eliqhumayo.
Impendulo: Ukugaya ibhande le-abrasive kuyindlela yenqubo yokugaya ibhande elihambayo elihambayo lapho lithintana ne-workpiece ngendlela yokuxhumana ehambisanayo ngokuvumelana nokuma kwendawo yokusebenza.
Ibhande le-abrasive ikakhulukazi lakhiwe izingxenye ezintathu: i-matrix, i-binder ne-abrasive.I-matrix isekela okusanhlamvu oku-abrasive futhi ingenziwa ngephepha, ukotini nemicu yamakhemikhali.Izibophezelo ezivame ukusetshenziswa zihlanganisa iglue yezilwane, i-synthetic resin kanye nenhlanganisela yakho kokubili.Izibophezelo ezivame ukusetshenziswa zihlanganisa iglue yezilwane, i-synthetic resin kanye nenhlanganisela yakho kokubili.Iglue yezilwane inokumelana nokushisa okuphansi, amandla okubopha aphansi, futhi ayimelani nokuguguleka ngokusika uketshezi, ngakho-ke ingasetshenziswa kuphela ukugaya okomile;i-synthetic resin binder inamandla okubopha okuphezulu kanye nokumelana nokugqokwa okuphezulu, ilungele ukukhiqiza amabhande asebenza ngesivinini esikhulu.Ama-abrasives okwenza amabhande abrasive yi-corundum evamile, i-corundum emhlophe ne-chromium, i-crystal corundum eyodwa, i-aluminium oxide, i-zirconium dioxide, i-silicon carbide eluhlaza nemnyama, njll.
19. Yiziphi izindlela zokuhlukanisa zokugaya amabhande abrasive?Yiziphi izinkinga ezivame ukwenzeka ekugayeni ibhande?
Impendulo: Ngokwendlela yokugaya, ukugaya ibhande elilumayo kungahlukaniswa kube ukugaya ibhande elilumayo elivaliwe kanye nokugaya ibhande elilimazayo elivulekile.Ukugaya ibhande le-abrasive kungahlukaniswa ngohlobo lwesondo lokuxhumana, uhlobo lwepuleti lokusekela, uhlobo lokuxhumana lwamahhala kanye nohlobo lokuxhumana oluntantayo lwamahhala ngokusho kwefomu lokuxhumana phakathi kwebhande elilumayo kanye nendawo yokusebenza.
Izinkinga ezivame ukwenzeka ekugayeni amabhande abrasive: ukuvala, ukunamathela, nokufiphala.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ibhande le-abrasive livame ukuvela ngokuphuka njalo, izimpawu zokugqoka nezinye izenzakalo ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa.
20. Kuyini ukugaya kwe-ultrasonic vibration?Chaza kafushane indlela kanye nezici zokugaya ngokudlidliza kwe-ultrasonic.
Impendulo: Ukugaya kwe-Ultrasonic kuyindlela yenqubo esebenzisa ukudlidliza okuphoqelelwe kwesondo lokugaya (noma i-workpiece) ohlelweni lokugaya.
Indlela yokugaya i-ultrasonic vibration: lapho umthombo wamandla ozibuthe wejeneretha ye-ultrasonic uqalwa, i-ultrasonic frequency current kanye ne-DC yamanje ye-magnetization kunikezwa ku-nickel magnetostrictive transducer, kanye ne-alternating ultrasonic frequency magnetic field kanye ne-magnetic field. kukhoyili ye-transducer.Inkambu kazibuthe ehlukanisiwe njalo yenza i-transducer ikwazi ukukhiqiza amandla okudlidliza omshini we-longitudinal wemvamisa efanayo, edluliselwa ophondweni ngesikhathi esifanayo, futhi i-amplitude ikhuliswa ibe inani elinqunywe kusengaphambili ukuze isunduze ibha yokusika ezwakalayo ukuze usike ukudlidliza.I-transducer, uphondo, kanye nenduku yokusika konke kuhambisana nokuphuma kwefrikhwensi ye-ultrasonic yijeneretha, kwakha isistimu ye-resonance, futhi indawo egxilile kufanele ibe ku-displacement node.
Izici: Ukugaya nge-Ultrasonic kungagcina izinhlamvu ezilumayo zibukhali futhi kuvimbele ukuvinjwa kwe-chip.Ngokuvamile, amandla okusika ancishiswa ngo-30% kuya ku-60% uma kuqhathaniswa nokugaya okuvamile, izinga lokushisa lokusika liyancipha, futhi ukusebenza kahle kokucubungula kukhuphuka izikhathi ezingu-1 kuya kwezi-4.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukugaya kwe-ultrasonic vibration nakho kunezinzuzo zesakhiwo esihlangene, izindleko eziphansi, nokuthandwa kalula nokusetshenziswa.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-30-2022