Izindlela zomshini

IYAphenduka

Ngesikhathi sokuphenduka, i-workpiece iyajikeleza ukuze yenze ukunyakaza okuyinhloko kokusika.Lapho ithuluzi lihamba nge-axis ehambisanayo yokuzungezisa, kwakheka izindawo ezingaphakathi nezingaphandle ze-cylindrical.Ithuluzi lihamba ngomugqa otshekile onqamula i-axis ukuze kwakheke indawo eyi-conical.Ku-lathe yephrofayela noma i-CNC lathe, ithuluzi lingalawulwa ukuze liphakele eduze kwejika ukuze lenze indawo ethile yokuguquguquka.Ngokusebenzisa ithuluzi eliguqulayo, indawo ejikelezayo nayo ingacutshungulwa ngesikhathi sokuphakelwa kwe-lateral.Ukuphenduka kungaphinda kucubungule izindawo ezingaphezulu, izindiza zokuqeda kanye nama-eccentric shafts.Ukunemba kokuphenduka kuvame ukuthi i-IT8-IT7, futhi ubulukhuni bobuso bungu-6.3-1.6μm.Lapho iqedwa, ingafinyelela ku-IT6-IT5, futhi ubulukhuni bungafinyelela ku-0.4-0.1μm.Ukuphenduka kunokukhiqiza okuphezulu, inqubo yokusika ebushelelezi namathuluzi alula.

UMILLING
Ukunyakaza okuyinhloko kokusika ukujikeleza kwethuluzi.Ngesikhathi sokugaya okuvundlile, ukwakheka kwendiza kwakhiwa ngonqenqema olungaphandle komsiki wokugaya.Ekugayweni kokugcina, indiza yakhiwa ngonqenqema lobuso bokuphela komsiki wokugaya.Ukwenyusa isivinini sokujikeleza kwesisiki sokugaya kungafinyelela isivinini esikhulu sokusika futhi ngenxa yalokho ukukhiqiza okuphezulu.Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokusikwa nokusikwa kwamazinyo omshini wokusika, umthelela uyakhiwa, futhi inqubo yokusika ijwayele ukudlidliza, ngaleyo ndlela inciphise ukuthuthukiswa kwekhwalithi ephezulu.Lo mthelela ubuye ubhebhethekise ukuguga kwethuluzi, okuvame ukuholela ekushitshweni kokufakwa kwe-carbide.Esikhathini esijwayelekile lapho i-workpiece inqunywa, inani elithile lokupholisa lingatholakala, ngakho-ke izimo zokushisa ukushisa zingcono.Ngokwendlela efanayo noma ephambene yejubane elikhulu lokunyakaza kanye nesiqondiso sokuphakelayo kocezu lokusebenza ngesikhathi sokugaya, ihlukaniswe yaba ukugaya phansi nokukhuphuka phezulu.
1. Khuphuka ukugaya
Amandla engxenye evundlile yamandla okugaya ayafana nesiqondiso sokuphakela kwesiqephu sokusebenza.Ngokuvamile, kukhona igebe phakathi kwesikulufu sokuphakelayo setafula lesiqephu sokusebenza kanye namantongomane angashintshi.Ngakho-ke, amandla okusika angabangela kalula ukuthi i-workpiece netafula kuqhubekele phambili ndawonye, ​​​​okubangela ukuthi izinga lokuphakelayo libe ngokuzumayo.ukwanda, kubangela ummese.Lapho ugaya izingcezu zokusebenza ezinendawo eqinile efana nokubunjwa noma ukubumba, amazinyo omshini wokusika aqale athintane nesikhumba esiqinile socezu lokusebenza, okwenza kube nzima ukuguga kwesigayo.
2. Up Milling
Ingagwema ukunyakaza okwenzeka ngesikhathi sokugaya.Ngesikhathi sokugaya, ubukhulu bokusika bukhuphuka kancane kancane busuka ku-zero, ngakho-ke unqenqema lokusika luqala ukuzwa inkathi yokumpintsha nokushelela endaweni ewumshini osikiwe, okusheshisa ukuguga kwamathuluzi.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngesikhathi sokugaya, amandla okugaya aphakamisa ucezu lokusebenza, okulula ukubangela ukundindizela, okuwububi bokugaya phezulu.
Ukunemba komshini wokugaya ngokuvamile kungafinyelela ku-IT8-IT7, futhi ubulukhuni bobuso bungu-6.3-1.6μm.
Ukugaya okuvamile ngokuvamile kungacubungula izindawo eziyisicaba kuphela, futhi ukwakha izisiki zokugaya zingaphinda zicubungule izindawo ezigobile ezingashintshi.Umshini wokugaya we-CNC ungasebenzisa isofthiwe ukulawula izimbazo eziningana ukuze zixhunywe ngokobudlelwane obuthile ngohlelo lwe-CNC ukuze ugaye izindawo eziyinkimbinkimbi ezigobile.Ngalesi sikhathi, i-ball-end milling cutter ngokuvamile isetshenziswa.Imishini yokugaya ye-CNC ibaluleke kakhulu ekwenzeni ama-workpieces anomumo oyinkimbinkimbi njengama-blade emishini yokugcwalisa, ama-cores kanye nezimbotshana zokubunjwa.

UKUHLELA
Lapho uhlela, ukunyakaza komugqa okuphindaphindayo kwethuluzi kuwukunyakaza okuyinhloko kokusika.Ngakho-ke, isivinini sokuhlela asikwazi ukuba phezulu kakhulu futhi ukukhiqiza kuphansi.Ukuhlela kuzinze kakhulu kunokugaya, futhi ukunemba kwayo komshini ngokuvamile kungafinyelela ku-IT8-IT7, ukuhwaqeka kwendawo kungu-Ra6.3-1.6μm, ukuhleleka okunembayo kwepulani kungafinyelela ku-0.02/1000, futhi ubulukhuni bobuso bungu-0.8-0.4μm.

UKUGAYA

Ukugaya kucubungula i-workpiece ngesondo lokugaya noma amanye amathuluzi abrasive, futhi ukunyakaza kwawo okuyinhloko ukujikeleza kwesondo lokugaya.Inqubo yokugaya yesondo lokugaya empeleni ingumphumela ohlangene wezenzo ezintathu zezinhlayiya ezilumayo ebusweni bomsebenzi wokusebenza: ukusika, ukudweba nokuslayida.Ngesikhathi sokugaya, izinhlayiya ezikhukhumezayo ngokwazo kancane kancane ziyancipha kusukela ekubukhali, okwenza umphumela wokusika ube mkhulu futhi amandla okusika ayanda.Lapho amandla okusika edlula amandla okunamathelayo, izinhlamvu eziyisiyingi eziyisiyingi futhi ezifiphele ziyawa, ziveze ungqimba olusha lwezinhlamvu ezihlabayo, zenze “ukuzilola” kwesondo lokugaya.Kodwa ama-chips kanye nezinhlayiya ezilumayo zisakwazi ukuvala isondo.Ngakho-ke, ngemva kokugaya isikhathi esithile, kuyadingeka ukugqoka isondo lokugaya ngethuluzi lokuguqula idayimane.
Lapho ugaya, ngoba kunama-blade amaningi, ukucubungula kuzinzile futhi kunembile kakhulu.Umshini wokugaya uyithuluzi lomshini wokuqeda, ukunemba kokugaya kungafinyelela ku-IT6-IT4, futhi ukuqina kwe-Ra kungafinyelela ku-1.25-0.01μm, noma ngisho no-0.1-0.008μm.Esinye isici sokugaya ukuthi singakwazi ukucubungula izinto zensimbi eziqinile.Ngakho-ke, ngokuvamile isetshenziswa njengesinyathelo sokugcina sokucubungula.Ngesikhathi sokugaya, ukushisa okukhulu kukhiqizwa, futhi uketshezi olwanele lokusika luyadingeka ukupholisa.Ngokwemisebenzi ehlukene, ukugaya kungabuye kuhlukaniswe ukugaya i-cylindrical, ukugaya imbobo yangaphakathi, ukugaya flat nokunye.

UKUBOMBA nokuyisidina

Emshinini wokubhoboza, ukuzungezisa imbobo nge-drill bit kuyindlela evame kakhulu yokugaya imbobo.Ukunemba komshini wokumba kuphansi, ngokuvamile kufinyelela kuphela ku-IT10, futhi ubulukhuni bobuso buvamise ukuba ngu-12.5-6.3 μm.Ngemuva kokubhoboza, ukubuyisela kabusha nokuphinda kusetshenziswe kabusha kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukuqeda kanye nokuqeda.I-drill yokubuyisela isetshenziselwa ukubuyisela kabusha, futhi ithuluzi lokubuyisela kabusha lisetshenziselwa ukubuyisela kabusha.Ukunemba kokuphinda kufakwe kabusha ngokuvamile kuyi-IT9-IT6, futhi ubulukhuni bobuso bungu-Ra1.6-0.4μm.Lapho kufakwa kabusha futhi kufakwa kabusha, i-drill bit kanye ne-reamer ngokuvamile ilandela i-eksisi yembobo engezansi yasekuqaleni, engakwazi ukuthuthukisa ukunemba kokuma kwembobo.Ukubhoreka kulungisa indawo yomgodi.Boring kungenziwa emshinini yisicefe noma lathe.Uma kuyisicefe emshinini oyisicefe, ithuluzi eliyisicefe ngokuyisisekelo lifana nethuluzi lokuguqula, ngaphandle kokuthi i-workpiece ayinyakazi futhi ithuluzi eliyisicefe liyajikeleza.Ukunemba komshini oyisicefe ngokuvamile kuyi-IT9-IT7, futhi ubulukhuni bobuso bungu-Ra6.3-0.8mm..
I-Drilling Boring Lathe

UKUQHUBEKA KOMBUSO WEZINYO

Izindlela zokukhanda izinyo legiya zingahlukaniswa zibe izigaba ezimbili: indlela yokwenza kanye nendlela yokukhiqiza.Ithuluzi lomshini elisetshenziselwa ukucubungula indawo yezinyo ngendlela yokubumba ngokuvamile umshini wokugaya ojwayelekile, futhi ithuluzi liwumshini wokusika umshini, odinga ukunyakaza okubili kokubumba okulula: ukunyakaza kokujikeleza kwethuluzi kanye nokunyakaza komugqa.Amathuluzi omshini avame ukusetshenziswa okucubungula izindawo zamazinyo ngendlela ekhiqizayo afaka imishini yokubhoboza amagiya kanye nemishini yokubumba igiya.

I-COMPLEX SURFACE PROCESSING

 
Ukucutshungulwa kwezindawo ezigobile ezinezinhlangothi ezintathu ikakhulukazi zisebenzisa izindlela zokugaya amakhophi kanye nokugaya kwe-CNC noma izindlela ezikhethekile zokucubungula (bona Isigaba 8).Ukugaya amakhophi kumele kube ne-prototype njengengcweti.Ngesikhathi sokucubungula, ikhanda lokuphrofayili lekhanda lebhola lihlala lithintana nendawo ye-prototype ngengcindezi ethile.Ukunyakaza kwekhanda lokuphrofayili kuguqulwa kube yi-inductance, futhi ukukhulisa ukucubungula kulawula ukunyakaza kwezimbazo ezintathu zomshini wokugaya, okwenza umzila wekhanda lokusika elihamba eduze kwendawo egobile.Abasiki bokugaya ngokuvamile basebenzisa izinqamuleli zokugaya ibhola ezinobubanzi obufanayo nekhanda lephrofayela.Ukuvela kobuchwepheshe bokulawula izinombolo kunikeza indlela ephumelela kakhudlwana yomshini ongaphezulu.Lapho umshini wokugaya emshinini wokugaya we-CNC noma isikhungo somshini, ucutshungulwa yisisiki sokugaya esisekupheleni kwebhola ngokuya ngephoyinti lenani lokuxhumanisa ngephoyinti.Inzuzo yokusebenzisa isikhungo somshini ukucubungula izindawo eziyinkimbinkimbi ukuthi kukhona umagazini wamathuluzi esikhungweni somshini, ofakwe inqwaba yamathuluzi.Ukuze kuqiniswe futhi kuqedwe izindawo ezigobile, amathuluzi ahlukene angasetshenziswa kuma-curvature radii ezindawo ezigobile, futhi amathuluzi afanelekile nawo angakhethwa.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izindawo ezihlukahlukene ezisizayo ezifana nezimbobo, izintambo, ama-grooves, njll.Lokhu kuqinisekisa ngokugcwele ukunemba kokuma okuhlobene kwendawo ngayinye.

UHLELO OLUKHETHEKILE

Indlela yokucubungula ekhethekile isho igama elijwayelekile lochungechunge lwezindlela zokucubungula ezihlukile ezindleleni zokusika zendabuko futhi zisebenzisa amakhemikhali, ngokomzimba (ugesi, umsindo, ukukhanya, ukushisa, uzibuthe) noma izindlela ze-electrochemical ukucubungula izinto zokusebenza.Lezi zindlela zokwenza imishini zihlanganisa: umshini wamakhemikhali (CHM), umshini we-electrochemical machining (ECM), umshini we-electrochemical machining (ECMM), umshini wokukhipha ugesi (EDM), umshini wokuxhumana kagesi (RHM), umshini we-ultrasonic (USM), umshini we-laser beam (LBM), Ion Beam Machining (IBM), Electron Beam Machining (EBM), Plasma Machining (PAM), Electro-Hydraulic Machining (EHM), Abrasive Flow Machining (AFM), Abrasive Jet Machining (AJM), Liquid Jet Machining (HDM) ) kanye ukucubungula okuhlanganisiwe okuhlukahlukene.

1. I-EDM
I-EDM iwukusebenzisa izinga lokushisa eliphezulu elikhiqizwe ukukhishwa kwenhlansi esheshayo phakathi kwe-electrode yethuluzi kanye ne-electrode yesiqeshana sokusebenza ukuze kucekelwe phansi impahla engaphezulu yesiqeshana sokusebenza ukuze kufezwe umshini.Amathuluzi omshini we-EDM ngokuvamile akhiwa ukunikezwa kwamandla okushaya kwenhliziyo, indlela yokudla okuzenzakalelayo, umzimba wethuluzi lomshini kanye nesistimu yokuhlunga uketshezi olusebenzayo.I-workpiece igxilile etafuleni lomshini.I-pulse power supply ihlinzeka ngamandla adingekayo ukuze kucutshungulwe, futhi izigxobo zayo ezimbili zixhunywe ngokulandelana kwe-electrode yethuluzi kanye ne-workpiece.Lapho i-electrode yethuluzi nesiqeshana sokusebenza zisondelana oketshezini olusebenzayo olushayelwa indlela yokudla, i-voltage ephakathi kwama-electrode idiliza igebe ukuze kukhiqizwe inhlansi futhi kudedele ukushisa okuningi.Ngemuva kokuthi i-workpiece ibamba ukushisa, ifinyelela izinga lokushisa eliphezulu kakhulu (ngaphezu kuka-10000 ° C), futhi impahla yasendaweni iyacishwa ngenxa yokuncibilika noma ngisho nokufakwa kwegesi, okwenza umgodi omncane.Uhlelo lokuhlunga lokujikeleza koketshezi olusebenzayo luphoqa uketshezi olusebenzayo oluhlanziwe ukuthi ludlule igebe phakathi kwe-electrode yethuluzi kanye nendawo yokusebenza ngokucindezela okuthile, ukuze kukhishwe imikhiqizo yokugqwala kwe-galvanic kusenesikhathi, futhi kuhlunge imikhiqizo yokugqwala kwe-galvanic oketshezini olusebenzayo.Ngenxa yokukhishwa okuningi, inani elikhulu lemigodi likhiqizwa ebusweni bomsebenzi wokusebenza.I-electrode yethuluzi yehliswa ngokuqhubekayo ngaphansi kwedrayivu yendlela yokondla, futhi umumo wayo we-contour "ukopishwa" endaweni yokusebenza (nakuba impahla ye-electrode yamathuluzi nayo izoguguleka, ijubane layo liphansi kakhulu kunelo lezinto zokusebenza).Ithuluzi lomshini we-EDM wokwenza izingcezu zokusebenza ezihambisanayo ngamathuluzi e-electrode anomumo okhethekile
① Icubungula izinto ezisetshenziswayo eziqinile, eziphukayo, eziqinile, ezithambile neziphezulu;
②Ukucubungula okokusebenza kwe-semiconductor nezinto ezingezona e-conductive;
③ Yenza izinhlobo ezahlukene zemigodi, izimbobo ezigobile kanye nezimbobo ezincane;
④ Yenza imigodi ehlukahlukene enezinhlangothi ezintathu egobile, njengokufa komgunyathi, ukufa kwe-die-cast, kanye nokufa kwepulasitiki;
⑤Isetshenziselwa ukusika, ukusika, ukuqinisa indawo, ukuqopha, ukuphrinta ama-nameplates namamaki, njll.
Ithuluzi Lomshini We-EDM Wocingo Lomshini Wokwenza Iphrofayili Ye-2D Emise Izingcezu Zokusebenza Ezine-Wire Electrodes

2. Imishini ye-Electrolytic
I-Electrolytic machining iyindlela yokwenza izinto zokusebenza kusetshenziswa isimiso se-electrochemical sokuhlakazwa kwe-anodic kwezinsimbi kuma-electrolyte.I-workpiece ixhunywe esigxotsheni esihle sikagesi we-DC, ithuluzi lixhunywe esigxotsheni esingalungile, futhi igebe elincane (0.1mm ~ 0.8mm) liyagcinwa phakathi kwezigxobo ezimbili.I-electrolyte enengcindezi ethile (0.5MPa～2.5MPa) igeleza phakathi kwegebe phakathi kwezigxobo ezimbili ngesivinini esikhulu esingu-15m/s～60m/s).Lapho i-cathode yamathuluzi inikezwa ngokuqhubekayo endaweni yokusebenza, ebusweni bomsebenzi obhekene ne-cathode, izinto zensimbi zincibilika ngokuqhubekayo ngokuvumelana nokuma kwephrofayili ye-cathode, futhi imikhiqizo ye-electrolysis ithathwa yi-electrolyte enesivinini esikhulu, ngakho-ke ukwakheka kwephrofayili yethuluzi ngokuhambisanayo “kukopishwa” kucwecwe lokusebenza.
① I-voltage esebenzayo incane futhi i-current esebenzayo inkulu;
② Lungiselela iphrofayili emile okuyinkimbinkimbi noma umgodi ngesikhathi esisodwa ngokunyakaza okuphakelayo okulula;
③ Ingakwazi ukucubungula izinto ezisetshenziswayo ezinzima;
④ Ukukhiqiza okuphezulu, cishe izikhathi ezi-5 kuye kweziyi-10 kune-EDM;
⑤ Awekho amandla okusika emishini noma ukushisa okusika ngesikhathi sokucutshungulwa, okulungele ukucutshungulwa kwezingxenye ezigogeke kalula noma ezinodonga oluncane;
⑥Isilinganiso sokubekezelela imishini singafinyelela cishe ku-±0.1mm;
⑦ Ziningi izinto ezisizayo, ezihlanganisa indawo enkulu kanye nezindleko eziphezulu;
⑧I-electrolyte ayigcini nje ngokugqwala ithuluzi lomshini, kodwa futhi ingcolisa kalula imvelo.Imishini ye-Electrochemical isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukucubungula izimbobo, imigodi, amaphrofayili ayinkimbinkimbi, izimbobo ezincane ezinobubanzi obujulile, ukudubula, ukukhipha, nokuqopha.

3. Ukucutshungulwa kwe-laser
Ukucutshungulwa kwe-laser ye-workpiece kuqedwa ngomshini wokucubungula i-laser.Imishini yokucubungula i-laser imvamisa yakhiwa ama-lasers, izinsiza zikagesi, amasistimu okubona kanye nezinhlelo zemishini.Ama-laser (avame ukusetshenziswa ama-solid state-state nama-laser egesi) aguqula amandla kagesi abe amandla okukhanya ukuze akhiqize imishayo ye-laser edingekayo, egxiliswe isistimu yokubona bese ifakwe imisebe kucezu lokusebenza ukuze lucutshungulwe.I-workpiece igxilile kuthebula lokusebenza lokunemba elinezinhlanganisela ezintathu, elilawulwa futhi liqhutshwa uhlelo lokulawula izinombolo ukuze kuqedelwe ukunyakaza kokuphakelayo okudingekayo ukuze kucutshungulwe.
①Awekho amathuluzi okwenza imishini adingekayo;
②Ukuminyana kwamandla we-laser beam kuphezulu kakhulu, futhi kungacubungula cishe noma yiziphi izinto zensimbi nezingezona ezensimbi okunzima ukuzicubungula;
③ Ukucutshungulwa kwe-laser ukucutshungulwa okungekona othintana naye, futhi i-workpiece ayikhubazeki ngenxa yempoqo;
④Ijubane lokumba nokusika nge-laser liphezulu kakhulu, izinto ezizungeza ingxenye yokucubungula azithinteki ngokushisa okusikayo, futhi ukuwohloka okushisayo kwendawo yokusebenza kuncane kakhulu.
⑤ I-slit ye-laser cutting incane, futhi ikhwalithi yokusika ilungile.Ukucutshungulwa kwe-laser kusetshenziswe kakhulu ekudwebeni kwentambo yedayimane efayo, ama-washi amatshe ayigugu, izikhumba ezinezimbobo zamapuntshi ahlukene apholile emoyeni, ukucutshungulwa kwembobo encane yamabhobho omjovo wenjini, izindwani ze-aero-injini, njll., kanye nokusikwa kwezinto ezihlukahlukene zensimbi. nezinto ezingezona ezensimbi..

4. Ultrasonic processing
I-Ultrasonic machining yindlela lapho ubuso bokugcina bethuluzi obudlidliza ngamafrikhwensi e-ultrasonic (16KHz ~ 25KHz) buthinta i-abrasive emisiwe oketshezini olusebenzayo, kanye nezinhlayiya ezilumayo zithinta futhi zipholishe ubuso bomsebenzi ukuze kubonakale ukucutshungulwa kwendawo yokusebenza. .Ijeneretha ye-ultrasonic iguqula amandla kagesi e-AC imvamisa ibe yi-ultrasonic frequency kagesi oscillation ngokuphuma kwamandla athile, futhi iguqule i-ultrasonic frequency oscillation kagesi ibe yi-ultrasonic vibration mechanical ngokusebenzisa i-transducer.～0.01mm ikhuliswe yaba ngu-0.01～0.15mm, ishayela ithuluzi ukuthi lidlidlize.Ubuso bokugcina bethuluzi buthinta izinhlayiya ezi-abrayo ezimisiwe oketshezini olusebenzayo ekudlidlizeni, ukuze liqhubeke lishaya futhi lipholishe indawo ezosetshenziswa ngesivinini esikhulu, futhi lichoboza okokusebenza endaweni yokucubungula kube yizinhlayiya namahithi amahle kakhulu. yehla.Nakuba kukhona okubalulekile okuncane kakhulu ekushayeni ngakunye, kusekhona isivinini esithile sokucubungula ngenxa yemvamisa ephezulu yokushaywa.Ngenxa yokugeleza kokujikeleza koketshezi olusebenzayo, izinhlayiya zezinto ezishayiwe zithathwa ngesikhathi.Njengoba ithuluzi lifakwa ngokuqhubekayo, umumo walo "ukopishwa" kucezu lokusebenza.
Lapho kucutshungulwa izinto okunzima ukuzisika, ukudlidliza kwe-ultrasonic kuvame ukuhlanganiswa nezinye izindlela zokucubungula zokucubungula okuyinhlanganisela, njengokujika kwe-ultrasonic, ukugaya kwe-ultrasonic, machining e-electrolytic ultrasonic, kanye nokusika kwentambo ye-ultrasonic.Lezi zindlela zokucubungula eziyinhlanganisela zihlanganisa izindlela ezimbili noma ngaphezulu zokucubungula, ezingaphelelisa amandla omunye nomunye, futhi zithuthukise kakhulu ukusebenza kahle kokucubungula, ukunemba kokucubungula kanye nekhwalithi yendawo yokusebenza.

INDLELA YOKUKHETHA

Ukukhethwa kwendlela yokucubungula kubheka ikakhulukazi ukuma kwengxenye, ukunemba kobukhulu kanye nezidingo zokunemba kwesikhundla, izidingo zokuqina kwendawo, kanye namathuluzi omshini akhona, amathuluzi nezinye izinsiza, iqoqo lokukhiqiza, ukukhiqiza kanye nokuhlaziywa kwezomnotho nezobuchwepheshe. nezinye izici.
Imizila Yomshini Yezindawo Ezivamile
1. Umzila womshini wendawo yangaphandle

• 1. Ukuphenduka okungalungile→ukuqeda kancane→ukuqeda:

I-IT≥IT7 esetshenziswa kabanzi, eyanelisayo, ▽≥0.8 yangaphandle ingacutshungulwa

• 2. Ukuphenduka okumahhadlahhadla → ukuphenduka kancane kancane → ukugaya → ukugaya kahle:

Isetshenziselwa izinsimbi ezisansimbi ezinezidingo zokucisha IT≥IT6, ▽≥0.16.

• 3. Ukuphenduka okungalungile→ukuphenduka okuqeda kancane→ukuqeda ukuphenduka→ukuphenduka kwedayimane:

Ezinsimbi ezingenayo insimbi, izindawo zangaphandle ezingafanelekile ukugaya.

• 4. Ukuphenduka okuqinile → ukuqeda kancane → ukugaya okumahhadlahhadla → ukugaya kahle → ukugaya, ukuqeda kakhulu, ukugaya ibhande, ukugaya isibuko, noma ukupholisha ukuze kuqhutshekwe nokuqedela ngesisekelo soku-2.

Inhloso ukunciphisa ubuhhadlahhadla nokuthuthukisa ukunemba kwe-dimensional, ukwakheka nokunemba kwendawo.

2. Umzila wokucubungula wembobo

• 1. Bamba → donsa kanzima → donsa kahle:

Isetshenziselwa ukucutshungulwa kwembobo yangaphakathi, imbobo yokhiye owodwa kanye nembobo ye-spline yokukhiqiza ngobuningi bezingxenye zemikhono yediski, ngekhwalithi yokucubungula ezinzile kanye nokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza okuphezulu.

• 2. Bamba→Nweba→Ream→Isandla Sesandla:

Isetshenziselwa ukucubungula izimbobo ezincane neziphakathi, ukulungisa ukunemba kwendawo ngaphambi kokuvuselela kabusha, kanye nokuphinda kuqinisekiswe usayizi, ukunemba komumo kanye nokuqina kwendawo.

• 3. Ukubhoboza noma ukwenza isicefe → isicefe esiqeda kancane → isicefe esihle → isicefe esintantayo noma sedayimane

isicelo:
I-1) Ibhokisi lokucutshungulwa kwe-pore ekukhiqizweni kwe-batch encane yesiqephu esisodwa.
2) Ukucutshungulwa kwemigodi enezidingo zokunemba okuphezulu kwesikhundla.
3) Imbobo enobubanzi obukhulu ngokuqhathaniswa ingaphezu kuka-ф80mm, futhi sekuvele kunezimbobo eziphonsiwe noma izimbobo ezakhiwe endaweni engenalutho.
4) Izinsimbi ezingezona insimbi zinedayimane eliyisicefe ukuze kuqinisekiswe usayizi wazo, ukwakheka kanye nokunemba kwesikhundla kanye nezidingo zokuqina kwendawo.

• 4. /Ukugaya (okuyisicefe) ukugaya okumahhadlahhadla → ukuqeda kancane → ukugaya kahle → ukugaya noma ukugaya

Isicelo: umshini wezingxenye eziqinile noma umshini womgodi onezidingo zokunemba okuphezulu.
bonisa:
1) Ukunemba kokugcina komshini wembobo kuncike kakhulu ezingeni lomqhubi.
2) Izindlela ezikhethekile zokucubungula zisetshenziselwa ukucubungula izimbobo ezincane ezengeziwe.

3.plane processing umzila

• 1. Ukugaya →ukuqeda kancane→ukuqeda→ukugaya okunesivinini esikhulu

Okuvame ukusetshenziswa ekucubunguleni indiza, kuye ngezidingo zobuchwepheshe zokunemba kanye nokuqina kwengaphezulu kwendawo ecutshunguliwe, inqubo ingahlelwa ngendlela eguquguqukayo.

• 2. /ukuhlela okungalungile → ukuhlela okuncane → ukuhlela kahle → ummese obanzi ukuhlela kahle, ukuklwebha noma ukugaya

Isetshenziswa kabanzi futhi inokukhiqiza okuncane.Ivame ukusetshenziswa ekucubunguleni izindawo eziwumngcingo nezinde.Ukuhlelwa kwenqubo yokugcina nakho kuncike ezidingweni zobuchwepheshe zendawo esebenza ngomshini.

• 3. Ukugaya (ukuhlela) → ukuqeda kancane (ukuhlela) → ukugaya → ukugaya kahle → ukugaya, ukugaya ngokunemba, ukugaya ibhande, ukupholisha

Indawo eyenziwe ngomshini iyacinywa, futhi inqubo yokugcina incike ezidingweni zobuchwepheshe zendawo eyenziwe ngomshini.

• 4. donsa → donsa kahle

Ukukhiqizwa kwevolumu ephezulu kunezindawo ezigobile noma ezinezinyathelo.

• 5. Ukuphenduka→Ukuqeda kancane→ukuqeda ukuphenduka→ukuphenduka kwedayimane

Imishini eyisicaba yezingxenye zensimbi ezingenayo ayoni.